PDA

View Full Version : paralysis/nerve regeneration



angelfzck
01-22-2012, 03:54 PM
I'm a recent Vet Tech grad, and have worked in wildlife rehab - specializing in squirrels - for a few years now. Although I train under and am affiliated with a local wildlife rehabilitation organization, you know how it is - word gets around that I know a thing or two about squirrels, and people tend to bring squirrels directly to me instead of bringing them to the wildlife center I work with. I've raised, released, and worked with hundreds of baby fuzzy-tails over the years, both with the wildlife center and independently, with a pretty good success rate, and am currently mom to three non-releasable furbabies, whom I love and adore and wouldn't trade for anything in the world... I've already posted a thread outlining my dilemma with one of my non-releasables, Munch (who has severe malocclusion & a heart murmur) - now I'm seeking advice for my third non-releasable, Cujo. Here's his story...
At the end of September, a friend of mine rescued a squirrel from his yard and brought him to me. Cujo was approximately 14 - 16 weeks old (read: born wild with that wild mentality), was already weaned, and, though he had no visible injuries, was paralyzed in both back legs. Physical palpation and x-rays showed no broken bones; he had no bites, wounds, or other visible injuries; however, he had no apparent feeling from the middle of his spine on back. He had no feeling or movement in his tail or either back leg. Because I'd successfully treated, raised, & released other (younger) baby squirrels with similar situations, I gave it a go with him, but after more than a month of steroid therapy, metacam, physical therapy, cage rest, & many, MANY serious bites & scratches sustained from him, I weaned him off the medications, and my husband and I resigned ourselves to the fact that he would probably have complete hind-limb paralysis for the remainder of his life. He was extremely aggressive - we couldn't even walk past his cage on the other side of the room without him chattering, growling, & lunging towards us, & we doubted he would ever make a good "pet," but he showed an intense will to survive, and instead of opting for euthanasia, we decided to make him as comfortable as possible and to allow him the opportunity to live as naturally as we possibly could.
Fast forward a few months - Cujo is probably the most intelligent squirrel that I have EVER dealt with, and it didn't take long before he figured out how to open his cage and let himself out to explore; despite our attempts to lock his cage, he always got the best of us & figured out a way around our confinements - luckily, we had been keeping his cage in our bedroom, which was closed off from other pets & the rest of the house so that he could safely roam, & instead of repeatedly attempting to confine him to his cage when he obviously felt the need to move around, my husband constructed a series of ramps that allowed him to climb into and out of his cage more freely without risk of injury. At that point, I still couldn't even reach into his cage to give him food or water or clean without him severely attacking me, & touching him was completely out of the question. The more we allowed him to roam, however, the friendlier he started becoming, & I kept on trying to scratch his ears & back (which he can't reach to scratch himself) until he finally realized that human affection CAN be good, & although he kept biting me, I persisted, until I could love on him without his sinking his teeth into my hand. He got to the point where he started becoming desperate for attention & wanting to play, & the more he'd run around on the floor, the more I noticed his tail starting to twitch, & he started trying to use his back legs more to try to push himself up. He's figured out how to climb up on my bed & onto our bathroom vanity (a pretty amazing feat, seeing as how our neuro baby can't even get up there!) & toe & tail pinches showed that he started regaining some feeling in his hind quarters... However, with the onset of his new feeling, he started chewing on his back & leg, & the most I can gather is that the nerve regeneration he's feeling is causing intense itchiness, which, since he can't scratch, he chews.
Our aggressive baby boy is now approximately 6 months old, & although he still won't allow me to pick him up, he actively comes to me & my husband for affection & play - he spends all day out of his cage & we only put him in there when we go to bed at night, follows me around the room, & if I happen to be busy when he's wanting to play & ignore him, he bites my toes & climbs my legs until he gets the attention he's craving. We notice daily improvements in his attempts to push himself up with his back legs, but the chewing on his back continues.
My question is this - At this point, I'm not entirely sure if he's still itchy from the nerve regen, or if he's just chewing the scabs off - when he grooms me, he also chews the scabs (that he's given me!) off my hands, & every attempt I've made to stop him from chewing has been completely futile - the best I can do is keep the wound clean & disinfected; so far we've tried putting yuk, bitter apple, & even lidocaine on the sore spot, but the more I try, the more that he just licks it all off & continues chewing the scabs. Any advice on what I can do to stop him?
BTW - Cujo has gone from an aggressive, angry, injured animal to one who is playful, resilient, energetic, affectionate, & obviously happy & in love with his life - he is a constant source of amazement, inspiration, love, & laughter for our family, & I honestly don't believe that he knows he has a disability! He uses his cage merely as a rest stop during the day, coming in only to grab a quick drink or a snack - the rest of the time he is out & about in "his" bedroom (we now share it with him, & he "loans" us our space). Any time during the day we'll catch him sprawled out on the end of our bed soaking in the sun, rolling around with his stuffed squirrel toy, or, if we can't find him, he's in his favorite snooze spot - curled up in my pillow case, waiting for someone to come by & scratch his ears or give him a belly rub. What a fantastic animal; I can't begin to express how ecstatic we are with his steady improvements, & we are so extremely fortunate to share our lives with this amazing creature who has taught us so much in these last few months - I'm so glad that we ignored everyone who told us he was a "lost cause" & that "it would be kinder to euthanize him" & listened instead to what he was telling us!

Kristal
01-22-2012, 04:40 PM
Ha, getting through that wall of text was worth it ;) What a cool, little squee you have there :) (also, try hitting return sometimes to break it up into short paragraphs)

He sounds a bit like my Rifa, actually. She is/was so amazingly clever and determined that there is no cage to hold her and no cupboard contraption to keep her out of the nut stash. She had such an amazingly strong will to live and to attach to me to get the love that she needed, too. She grew up to be kind of a handfull, though ;) She's really self possessed, stubborn and independent. But we still get along :)

Sweet Simon's Mommy
01-22-2012, 05:14 PM
Hi Angelfzck!!
Your little Cujo certainly has the right name doesn't he LOL.
My Simon was found when he was 7 or 8 weeks old, and had no use of both legs, he dragged them side saddle.
He is about 6 or 7 months old now and goes everywhere. He will sit at the door and shake it just like a monkey when he wants out.

We were told the chewing could start at any time, in a few months to a few years, it is the tingling like when your arm goes to sleep, and can drive them crazy. So we were told.
Simon has not done this yet. We did have a time where the one leg was scratching the other so we had to keep those nails cut and sometimes covered, it was constantly breaking the skin and bleeding. We washed him , and still wash him, everyday.( He has no bladder or stool control.)
Can you tell how much he is biting and how often?

Is it constant, or just sometimes?
Does he bite it until he bleeds?
Can you cover the area?
http://thesquirrelboard.com/forums/showthread.php?t=26617&highlight=vest
Charley Chuckles has a vest she puts on her baby, you could do that so he cant get to it .
We also were told to put him down, ansd we also are SO GLAD WE DIDNT!!!!!

astra
01-22-2012, 07:26 PM
what a great story and what a character little Cujo is!
Thank you for sharing him.

As for chewing... this is a tough one, but... some people found different solutions.

One thing that seemed to help is e-collar (it's a collar, sort of cone-shaped, that you put around his neck that prevents chewing).
Not all squirrels like it at first, it does take time to get used to, but seems to be helpful.

But it might also depend on what's causing the chewing.

If it is something internal, like nerve regeneration as you think, do you think some daily massage could alleviate some of it?...
Also, daily massage (sort of like physical therapy) sometimes help with back-end injuries. It might not help regain 100% mobility, but it often helps to increase and strengthen it.
If he does feel tingling, maybe, massaging his legs at least once or twice a day might help with that a bit. Maybe, it will improve circulation and thus, will reduce the tingling or whatever it is he's feeling.

Maybe, a combination of e-collar or something like that that could prevent him reaching for the spot and daily massage could be one of the possible solutions?

I am sure experts will have more suggestions:grouphug :grouphug

angelfzck
01-22-2012, 07:53 PM
Sweet Simon's Mommy -
When Cujo first started the chewing, it was all the way across his back - he looked AWFUL! One of his legs drags constantly and he doesn't seem to have any control over it (other than twitching it); the other leg is the one that he seems to have more strength in... He's stopped chewing on the side with the leg that just twitches, & now does all the chewing on the side that he's got a bit more control over - my only guess is that, since he has more control over that one leg, he must have more feeling coming back into it, which must make it a lot itchier than the other side.
When we first noticed what he was doing, I chlorhexadined it, coated it with veterinary-grade triple-antibiotic, wrapped it in a non-stick pad & a thick layer of gauze, & held it in place with medical tape, then put him to bed, but by the time we got up to let him out the next morning he had chewed all of the bandaging off, & chewed the area worse than ever...
We went through this routine for more than a week before we started realizing that he seems to chew worse than ever when I apply something over it than if I just disinfect it & otherwise leave it alone.
I even had a squirrel-rehab friend advise me to coat the area with lidocaine (to try & numb the area) then to cut up a thick, tightly-woven sock to put around him, but he chewed that right off as well.
It appears that Cujo's just chewing the scabs off... but it's keeping it from healing. I don't think he feels it; if he is asleep or distracted, I can easily clean the area without him seeming to notice. I've never actually *caught* him in the act of chewing; my husband says that he has & he distracts Cujo with a toy or something else to discourage it, so I'm not sure if he's actually making himself bleed, but I've never seen any dried or caked-on blood on the area or in any of his bedding (or on my pillowcase, which is where he spends the majority of his time.)
I'm not sure what we can use to cover the area, because not only does he not like being held AT ALL & it's a fight to restrain him for anything (not to mention it really stresses him out), but he chews off any type of material we've tried covering it with.
One person suggested using a canvas-type wrap that may be harder for him to chew through, but I'm afraid that something like that would restrict his already-limited movement. What do you think?
Like your baby, Cujo has no control over his bladder or bowels (though he has never, EVER pooped or peed on my bed) so I can use a damp cloth to clean him daily, but that, too, is a fight. A squirrel-rehabber friend said that she's used water therapy (like a human footbath) with some of her squirrels to increase the strength in the paralyzed leg(s), which makes sense, but I hesitate to try it, as I'm not entirely sure how he would react to water. Have you ever heard of tried this method?


This pic is from the first time that Cujo *ever* allowed me to pet him; he bit me when he was done with receiving the affection, then turned around & started grooming me - it was a momentous step forward for him!

angelfzck
01-22-2012, 08:01 PM
Astra - I'm familiar with what an E-collar is, but do they make them in squirrel-size? If so, do you know where can I find one; if not, do you have any suggestions on what I could use to fashion one for him?
I have tried massaging his legs, but since he won't let me physically pick him up yet, it is difficult, & seems to stress him out more than help. Just within the last month or so we've finally gotten to the point where he's started trusting us enough to allow us to pet & love on him; whoever would have guessed that gaining the trust, affection, & friendship of a wild animal would be such a slow (& sometimes very frustrating!) process requiring lots of patience & bloodshed?!
I want to do whatever is possible to help him, but I don't want to cause extensive stress to him, either, which is partially where the difficulty lies.

astra
01-22-2012, 08:08 PM
Astra - I'm familiar with what an E-collar is, but do they make them in squirrel-size? If so, do you know where can I find one; if not, do you have any suggestions on what I could use to fashion one for him?
I have tried massaging his legs, but since he won't let me physically pick him up yet, it is difficult, & seems to stress him out more than help. Just within the last month or so we've finally gotten to the point where he's started trusting us enough to allow us to pet & love on him; whoever would have guessed that gaining the trust, affection, & friendship of a wild animal would be such a slow (& sometimes very frustrating!) process requiring lots of patience & bloodshed?!
I want to do whatever is possible to help him, but I don't want to cause extensive stress to him, either, which is partially where the difficulty lies.
You can buy a rodent-size e-collar at :
http://www.henryspets.com/search.php?search_query=e-collar&x=0&y=0

There was also a list of instructions to make home-made somewhere here on the board over a year ago, but I can't find it.
You could do search for "e-collar" and threads will probably pop up.

But it might be easier just to go to henryspets.com link above and buy one.


Yes, if he is only beginning to trust you, then, hold of on massage or anything that might stress him out or delay developing more trust in you.


They do like to groom scabs - that's true.
So, maybe, e-collar could help until those scabs finally heal and disappear. and that will help him stop chewing them?

Worth try anyway.:grouphug

CritterMom
01-22-2012, 08:09 PM
This is a nice e-collar - made for rats so it is sized correctly:

http://www.henryspets.com/products/Rodent-E%252dCollar.html

angelfzck
01-22-2012, 08:22 PM
You guys are amazing - I wish I had found this forum sooner!
Thanks to everyone for all the fabulous advice - I'll look into the rodent-sized e-collars, & will keep everyone posted of Cujo's progress!

Kristal
01-22-2012, 08:33 PM
I find that my guys are receptive to cuddles at night and in the very early morning. They are more sleepy and mellow then. Maybe you could try massaging him once a day after he goes to bed?

Anne
01-22-2012, 09:49 PM
I have used water therapy in the past on squirrels. It can work wonders in nerve regeneration and mobility. Unfortunately you have to be able to pick them up to place them in the water. The warm water and the jets are soothing, the water removes their physical weight and the jets help stimulate the muscles. I use my open palm under the tummy for support and after a few minutes use my other hand to pet and then massage the hind end. I have had good success with doing this. Keep working to build his trust. Then gently raise his front end off the floor for tummy rubs-you know what to do. Sounds like you are doing wonderfully with him. He has come a long way.
I find that water therapy is also beneficial for head trauma squirrels. It is very relaxing and they often want a little snooze afterwards.
Coconut oil is very good for scabs and itchy skin, helps with healing. It is fantastic as a massage oil and perfectly healthy if licked off. The scabs may be causing pulling of the skin and fur. The coconut oil will help everything stay soft and pliable.
I tried to send you a PM about Munch, but you were not yet able to receive PMs. I will try again soon so I can send you my phone number.
Keep up the good work with both squirrels. :grouphug :grouphug :grouphug

Sweet Simon's Mommy
01-22-2012, 11:09 PM
Yes I have done water therapy and massage since he was very small.
We have moved very slowly with him, it has been said more than once on here that the squirrels with issues such as these tend to be more skid-dish.
I have a utility tub I put about two to three inches of warm water.
Picking him up is a big no no as far as he is concerned, but i am bigger and smarter.
I have thick fleece gloves that I wear to play and wrestle with him .
I also use them to pick him up. He has to be standing on a small piece of fleece that he will grab but it comes up with him. I let him grab a hold of my thumb.I have one finger under his right armpit the other is between his head and left shoulder. Sort of like a head lock.
He can not bite me in this position. Don't think he would now anyway , we have done this everyday for 4 months now.
I sometimes just wipe him clean , and sometimes I put him in the sink to soak. While he is in the water I can rub his hide legs , belly and hips, very gently. The warm water relaxes him and he usually poops a lot while in the water.
If Cujo has no control over his bladder isnt he wet ? Have you checked his under belly to make sure there are no urine burns?
Also can you take a picture of where he is biting himself so we can get a better idea of what he is doing to himself.

lilidukes
01-23-2012, 12:26 AM
I have used water therapy myself. I use deep sinks and large bowls. Running water will cause massive panic. Starting out by just gently working both legs up and down then each leg separately. Also lightly running a finger up the backside of each leg you can feel muscle reflexes.
great joy comes from having toes wrap around your fingers for the first time.

Dry thoroughly afterwards and apply silverdene to any sores.

you can use gloves or wrap squirrel in fleece and dunk the whole thing.

Good luck!

astra
01-23-2012, 02:10 AM
you can use gloves or wrap squirrel in fleece and dunk the whole thing.

Good luck!
So, it's a "thing", liilidukes, huh?:rotfl :poke